Revista multidisciplinar de las Ciencias del Deporte
ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA, HÁBITOS DE ESTUDIO Y RENDIMIENTO ACADÉMICO EN ESTUDIANTES DE MEDICINA
Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre actividad física, hábitos de estudio y rendimiento académico en estudiantes de medicina de una universidad en Cali. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo transversal con enfoque analítico donde participaron 237 estudiantes. Se aplicó un cuestionario de caracterización sociodemográfico, el cuestionario internacional de actividad física (IPAQ), el inventario de hábitos de estudio CAMS-85 y el promedio semestral como indicador del rendimiento académico. Resultados: Las mujeres realizaron más actividad física leve, mientras que los hombres realizaron más actividad vigorosa. Los estudiantes de semestres avanzados [6-9] obtuvieron promedios superiores a 4 y los estudiantes que tienen un nivel de actividad física vigorosa tienen 3 veces más probabilidades de obtener un promedio semestral superior a 4, mientras que los hábitos de estudio no presentaron una diferencia significativa (p = 0.46).
Rendimiento Académico, Actividad Física, Hábitos De Estudio, Estudiantes Universitarios, Deporte
Copyright (c) 2025 Revista multidisciplinar de las Ciencias del Deporte
PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOMES OF UNICOMPARTMENTAL VS. TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY FOR ANTERO-MEDIAL OSTEOARTHRITIS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of disability, with isolated medial compartment knee OA being a common presentation. While total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains the standard treatment for advanced knee OA, unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) has gained attention for its potential benefits for selected population, including faster recovery and improved patient satisfaction. Aim: We aimed to compared UKA and TKA in patients with anteromedial knee OA (AMOA), focusing on patient-reported outcomes (PROs), operative and postoperative outcomes. Methods: Eligible patients were randomized into one study group; UKA or TKA and followed for at least two years. Functional outcomes were evaluated using the Oxford Knee Score (OKS), Knee Society Score- Knee Score (KS-KS) and Functional Score (KS-FS)-, Forgotten Joint Score (FJS) and Range of Motion (ROM). Patient satisfaction was assessed at the final follow-up visit. Results: Forty-seven patients (53 knees) were included and randomized across study groups (UKA = 22, TKA = 31). Functional outcomes were comparable between the two groups, with no statistically significant differences in post-operative improvement of OKS (24.3 ± 10.1 vs. 21.3 ± 8.6; p = 0.21), KS-KS (39.5 ± 22.4 vs. 29.3 ± 14.4; p = 0.07), KS-FS (39.8 ± 26.9 vs. 31.8 ± 17.8; p = 0.23), and statistically significant differences in postoperative FJS (80 ± 20.1 vs. 68 ± 15.5; p = 0.024) and Postoperative ROM (132.0 ± 10.3 vs 125.0 ± 13.1; p = 0.035) . However, UKA patients reported significantly higher satisfaction rates (86.4% "Very Satisfied" vs. 61.3% in TKA). Additionally, UKA demonstrated operative advantages, including significantly shorter operative time, reduced blood loss, shorter hospital days and wound length, and fewer overall complications. Conclusion: UKA offers favorable functional outcomes compared to TKA, with faster recovery, lower blood loss, greater joint “forgottenness,” improved ROM, higher patient satisfaction, and fewer complications, making it a first choice for appropriately selected patients with AMOA.
Anteromedial Knee OA (AMOA); Unicompartmental Arthroplasty; Patient-Reported Outcomes; Satisfaction
MODELO EXPLICATIVO DE LA LEALTAD DEL PACIENTE BASADO EN LA CONFIANZA Y SATISFACCIÓN AL MÉDICO DE ATENCIÓN PRIVADA
Introducción: Los administradores de los hospitales y clínicas suelen tener dificultades por la oferta de servicios cada día más creciente. La atención a los pacientes es uno de los factores de éxito en las clínicas médicas, para seguir gozando de las preferencias de los usuarios es necesario generar lealtad de parte de ellos. El objetivo de la investigación fue identificar los elementos predictores de la lealtad del paciente al médico de servicios privados en la ciudad de Lima. Metodología. La investigación se realizó bajo el paradigma cuantitativo, de tipo básico, de nivel explicativo, se usó la escala de Lealtad del paciente al médico tratante, se trabajó con una muestra de 586 usuarios a quienes se les solicitó su consentimiento informado, estos usuarios acuden a los servicios médicos de clínicas privadas, se tomó en cuenta sólo a pacientes mayores de edad. La validación de la escala fue realizada luego del proceso de análisis factorial confirmatorio, con ajuste en todas las escalas. Resultados: Los niveles de correlación fueron de nivel alto (0,720 y 0,701) que indican alta fuerza de cohesión entre las variables. Por otro lado, la prueba de Regresión indicó un 62,3% (R2 = 0,623) de efecto de la confianza y la satisfacción sobre la lealtad. Conclusión: La lealtad de los pacientes a los médicos tratantes es explicada por la confianza y la satisfacción de los usuarios profesionales que los tratan en el servicio médico privado. Vuelven a acudir a los servicios los usuarios que han desarrollado confianza con sus tratantes.
Preferencias Del Paciente, Satisfacción Del Paciente, Lealtad, Equipo Medico
RISK FACTORS FOR OBESITY INCIDENTS AS SEEN FROM PARENTING PATTERNS AND PARENTAL CHARACTERISTICS IN PRESCHOOL AGE CHILDREN IN MANGGARUPI KINDERGARTEN, GOWA DISTRICT IN 2025: A CASE CONTROL STUDY
Background: One of the provinces in Indonesia, namely South Sulawesi, shows that children who are overweight (9.3%) and obesity (6.2%). The impact of obesity on children can lead to health and social problems in both the short and long term. This study aims to identify risk factors for obesity in preschool-aged children. Objective: To analyze the risk factors for obesity incidents in terms of parenting patterns and parental characteristics in pre-school aged children. Method: This study used a case-control design involving mothers with preschool-aged children. Data were collected from June to July 2025 through anthropometric measurements and interviews using a questionnaire. Data analysis used univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis using the Stata application. Results: Overall, it shows that children with mothers with poor parenting patterns are at 3.01 times risk of experiencing obesity (OR=3.01; 95% CI 1.05-9.05); mothers with less knowledge have a 3.18 times risk of experiencing obesity (OR=3.18; 95% CI 1.11-9.57); mothers with low education have a 1.26 times risk of experiencing obesity (OR=1.26; 95 CI 0.35-4.07); working mothers have a 2.72 times risk of having obese children (OR=2.72; 95% CI 0.94-7.70); families with high socioeconomic status have a 0.44 times lower risk of having obese children (OR=0.44; 95% CI 0.15-1.22). Conclusion: The most influential risk factor was maternal occupation, after controlling for age and child gender. Based on these results, it is hoped that health service program outreach efforts will be improved, particularly within the community and schools, to increase knowledge and awareness, and promote healthier lifestyles.
Parenting Patterns, Parental Characteristics, Obesity, Risk Factors
PATH ANALYSIS MODEL OF FACTORS AFFECTING WORK PRODUCTIVITY THROUGH WORK STRESS AMONG EMPLOYEES OF PT. APEXINDO BALIKPAPAN
Nutritional status, workload, and sleep quality are key factors influencing job stress and employee productivity, especially in the physically and mentally demanding oil and gas industry. This study aimed to analyze how these three factors affect job stress and productivity, both directly and indirectly through stress as a mediating variable, at PT. Apexindo Balikpapan. Using a quantitative cross-sectional design, 100 respondents were selected via total sampling. Data collection involved questionnaires and physiological stress assessments using a Cocorometer (salivary alpha-amylase enzyme analysis). The variables included nutritional status, workload, sleep quality, subjective and objective stress, and productivity. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Square–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS–SEM). Results showed that nutritional status significantly affected stress (p = 0.006) and productivity (p= 0.006), both directly and indirectly (p=0.049). Workload had a significant positive effect on stress and a negative effect on productivity directly (p=0.012) and indirectly (p= 0.008; p=0.014). Sleep quality influenced subjective stress (p<0.05) and indirectly affected productivity (p=0.006), but had no significant effect on objective stress (p=0.426). It was concluded that the nutritional status, workload, and sleep quality significantly impact job stress and productivity, with stress acting as a key mediating factor.
Nutritional Status; Workload; Sleep Quality; Productivity; Job Stress
THE INFLUENCE OF LEADER-MEMBER EXCHANGE (LMX), JOB CRAFTING, AND WORK ENGAGEMENT ON NURSE PERFORMANCE AT DR. TADJUDIN CHALID GENERAL HOSPITAL
The higher the employee performance, the greater the likelihood of a hospital's success, and conversely, the lower the employee performance, the greater the chance of the hospital's failure. One form of transformational leadership that supports enhanced employee performance is Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) leadership. Employee capabilities such as job crafting are also crucial for achieving the desired performance, as they involve the ability to modify tasks and make the job more meaningful. Furthermore, an individual factor determining employee performance is their dedication to the job, or work engagement. This study aims to determine the influence of Leader-Member Exchange (LMX), job crafting, and work engagement on nurse performance at Dr. Tadjuddin Chalid General Hospital. The research employed a cross-sectional study design, utilizing a sample of 120 nurses and 10 head nurses as respondents. The results of the study indicate that there is a direct influence of Leader-Member Exchange on nurse performance, there is a direct influence of job crafting on nurse performance, there is a direct influence of work engagement on nurse performance, and there is an indirect influence of Leader-Member Exchange on performance through job crafting. However, there is no indirect influence of Leader-Member Exchange on performance through work engagement, there is no indirect influence of job crafting on performance through work engagement, and there is no indirect influence of Leader-Member Exchange on nurse performance through job crafting and work engagement at Dr. Tadjuddin Chalid General Hospital. It is recommended that hospital management encourage the involvement of head nurses in supporting their subordinate nurses, moving beyond merely being a problem-solver. Management should also enhance the individual creativity of nurses in task completion and align job demands with their possessed skills, in addition to creating a comfortable and pleasant working environment in terms of both facilities and infrastructure and relational aspects among nurses.
Leader Member Exchange; Job Crafting; Work Engagement; Performance; Hospitals
THE EFFECT OF NOISE, WORKLOAD, AND WORKING HOURS ON WORK PRODUCTIVITY THROUGH WORK FATIGUE AMONG EMPLOYEES OF PT. MARUKI INTERNATIONAL INDONESIA IN 2025
Background: Noise, workload, and working hours are important factors that can trigger fatigue, which ultimately contributes to work productivity levels. Objective: This study aims to analyze the effect of noise, workload, and working hours on work productivity through work fatigue among workers at PT. Maruki International Indonesia. Methods: This quantitative study used a cross-sectional design with SMART-PLX-based path analysis. Results: The results showed that noise did not significantly affect work fatigue (p=0.834) or work productivity (p=0.342), and work fatigue as a mediator was not significant (p=0.844). physical workload significantly affects work fatigue (p=0.018) and does not affect work productivity (p=0.369), and work fatigue as a mediator is significant (p=0.041), mental workload does not significantly affect work fatigue (p=0.977) and affects work productivity (p=0.010), and work fatigue as a mediator is not significant (p=0.977), length of service significantly affects work fatigue (p=0.016) and does not affect work productivity (p=0.213), and work fatigue as a mediator is significant (p=0.042). Conclusion: Physical workload, mental workload, and length of service are important factors that affect work productivity, both directly and through fatigue as an intervening variable, while noise is not proven to have a significant effect on fatigue or work productivity.
Noise, Workload and Work Duration, Fatigue, Productivity
HIGH TIBIAL OSTEOTOMY WITH LATERAL EXTRA ARTICULAR AUGMENTATION FOR CHRONIC ACL DEFICIENT KNEE WITH VARUS OSTEOARTHRITIS AND HIGH PIVOTING: A PILOT STUDY
Background: The management of chronic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficient knees with concurrent varus osteoarthritis with high pivoting poses a significant challenge. This prospective pilot study investigates the clinical, functional, and radiographic outcomes of a one-stage surgical approach combining ACL reconstruction with open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO). Methods: We enrolled 16 patients with chronic ACL-deficient knees and medial compartment osteoarthritis and high pivoting. All patients underwent open-wedge HTO with lateral extra-articular augmentation. We assessed clinical and functional outcomes using the Lysholm and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores, as well as the Lachman, anterior drawer, and pivot-shift tests. Radiographic parameters, including the mechanical tibiofemoral angle (TFA), proximal medial tibial angle (PMTA), and posterior tibial slope (PTS), were measured preoperatively and at final follow-up. Results: The combined procedure yielded significant improvements in all measured outcomes. The mean Lysholm and IKDC scores increased from 47.25±3.23 and 41.5±3.25preoperatively to 66.0±5.32 and 67.5±7.03 postoperatively, respectively (p<0.001). All patients showed a reduction in pivot-shift grade, with a conversion of the mechanical axis from a median varus of −8∘ to a mild valgus of 3∘. The mean PMTA was successfully corrected from 78.88 to 88.85 ∘. Notably, the mean posterior tibial slope was reduced from 10.50∘ to 8.56∘. The complication rate was low, with no major complications such as nonunion or graft failure. Conclusion: The one-stage surgical procedure of open-wedge HTO with lateral extraarticular augmentation in chronic ACL-deficient varus knees with early osteoarthritis provides significant improvements in function and stability while reliably correcting coronal and sagittal alignment. This approach offers a safe and effective strategy for joint preservation.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament, High Tibial Osteotomy, Varus Osteoarthritis, Lateral Extra-Articular Augmentation
THE EFFECT OF SOME MODERN TRAINING METHODS ON THE TEMPORAL AND TECHNICAL PERFORMANCE IN THE 100-METER FREESTYLE SWIMMING RACE
The research aims to identify the effect of some modern training methods on the temporal and technical performance in the 100-meter freestyle swimming race through the following methods: (interval training, training on swimming techniques including breathing and streamline improvement exercises, maximum speed training, and resistance training involving strength exercises). The researcher used the experimental method due to its suitability for the nature of the research, and adopted a quasi-experimental design with pre- and post-measurements for four experimental groups. The researcher selected a random sample of (40) students from the University of Kirkuk for the academic year 2024–2025. One of the most important conclusions was the presence of statistically significant differences at the level of (0.05) between the means of the pre- and post-tests for the experimental groups using (interval training, training on swimming techniques including breathing and streamline improvement exercises, maximum speed training, and resistance training involving strength exercises) in favor of the post-test mean in both the technical and temporal levels in the 100-meter freestyle swimming race. Interval training significantly outperformed (training on swimming techniques, maximum speed training, and resistance training) in the numerical level of the 100-meter freestyle swimming. Among the most important recommendations was relying on interval training within short-distance swimming programs due to its positive effect on developing anaerobic endurance and improving temporal performance during race phases. It also recommended the use of maximum speed training to enhance swimmers’ starts and increase the ability to finish the race at the highest possible speed, especially in the last 25 meters.
Modern Training Methods, 100-Meter Freestyle Swimmin
OCCUPATIONAL AND NON-OCCUPATIONAL FACTORS RELATED TO FATIGUE AMONG LIGHT VEHICLE DRIVERS AT PT CIPTA KRIDATAMA, SOUTH KALIMANTAN
Fatigue is a major occupational health issue that reduces performance, concentration, and safety, especially among mining drivers exposed to long hours, irregular schedules, and high demands. This study analyzed the effects of work stress, working hours, rest duration, and sleep quality on fatigue among Light Vehicle (LV) drivers at PT Cipta Kridatama, BIB Site, South Kalimantan. An analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach was applied, involving 76 LV drivers selected through proportional total sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed with chi-square tests and logistic regression. Results showed that work stress (p=0.000), working hours (p=0.046), rest duration (p=0.009), and sleep quality (p=0.037) were significantly associated with fatigue, while work shift was not (p=0.393). Logistic regression identified work stress as the strongest predictor (p=0.013; OR=8.80), indicating that highly stressed drivers were nearly nine times more likely to experience fatigue. Rest duration also had a protective effect (p=0.019; OR=0.117). Although not statistically significant, longer working hours and poor sleep quality showed a tendency to increase fatigue risk. In conclusion, occupational fatigue among LV drivers is mainly influenced by stress and insufficient rest, highlighting the need for stress management, adequate breaks, and better sleep quality.
Occupational Fatigue, Work Stress, Sleep Quality, Light Vehicle Driver
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT INTENSITY JUMP ROPE TRAINING ON HEALTH-RELATED PHYSICAL FITNESS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BASED ON CURRICULUM IMPLEMENTATION
Background: The decline in adolescent health-related physical fitness has become a global concern. School physical education programs play a crucial role in enhancing physical fitness and promoting students’ overall health. Objective: This study aims to compare the effects of high-intensity interval jump rope training (High-Intensity Interval Training-Jump Rope, HIIT-JR) and moderate-intensity continuous jump rope training (Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training-Jump Rope, MICT-JR) on health-related physical fitness in adolescents, providing empirical evidence for refining school physical education curricula. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 120 high school students, who were randomly assigned to the HIIT-JR group, the MICT-JR group, or an unstructured activity control group (FT). The intervention lasted 12 weeks within the framework of school physical education. The HIIT-JR group performed 1-minute high-intensity jump rope exercises (75%–90% of maximum heart rate), alternating with 1-minute rest intervals, for a total of 11 rounds per session. The MICT-JR group performed continuous moderate-intensity jump rope exercises (55%–74% of maximum heart rate) for 11 minutes per session. Health-related physical fitness was assessed using the 20-meter shuttle run (cardiorespiratory endurance), standing long jump (muscular strength), sit-ups (muscular endurance), sit-and-reach test (flexibility), and body mass index (BMI; body composition). Data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0, with two-way repeated measures ANOVA and correlation analysis used to evaluate training effects. Results: Both HIIT-JR and MICT-JR effectively improved health-related physical fitness, though their effects differed across various fitness components. Cardiorespiratory endurance: The HIIT-JR group exhibited rapid improvements within the first 6 weeks (p < 0.01), whereas the MICT-JR group showed more gradual gains, primarily between Weeks 6 and 12 (p < 0.05). Muscular strength: The HIIT-JR group demonstrated significant improvements in standing long jump performance after 6 weeks (p < 0.01), while the MICT-JR group showed minimal changes (p > 0.05).Muscular endurance: The MICT-JR group exhibited significant improvements in sit-up performance after 12 weeks (p < 0.01), whereas no significant changes were observed in the HIIT-JR group (p > 0.05).Flexibility: Both training groups showed slight improvements, but the differences were not statistically significant compared to the control group (p > 0.05).BMI: The MICT-JR group experienced a significant reduction in BMI after 12 weeks (p < 0.01), whereas no significant changes in body weight regulation were detected in the HIIT-JR group (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Jump rope training of different intensities has varied effects on different components of health-related physical fitness. HIIT-JR leads to faster improvements in cardiorespiratory endurance and muscular strength, while MICT-JR is more effective for enhancing muscular endurance and reducing BMI. A structured integration of both training modalities into physical education programs, customized according to students’ individual fitness profiles, may optimize adolescent fitness outcomes and long-term health benefits.
Adolescents; Health-Related Physical Fitness; High-Intensity Interval Jump Rope Training (HIIT-JR); Moderate-Intensity Continuous Jump Rope Training (MICT-JR); School Physical Education; Physical Fitness Training
PRIMEROS AUXILIOS EN EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA Y BIOLOGÍA EN EDUCACIÓN SECUNDARIA
El presente estudio analiza las percepciones y necesidades del profesorado de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y Bachillerato en relación con su formación en primeros auxilios (PA) y su aplicación en el contexto educativo. Se llevó a cabo una investigación cualitativa, exploratoria-descriptiva, mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas a 15 docentes de Educación Física y a 13 docentes de Biología. Los resultados revelan carencias en su formación inicial. Aunque algo más de la mitad del profesorado ha accedido a formación continua, esta es valorada de forma crítica. La inclusión de los PA en las programaciones docentes es limitada, debido a múltiples barreras. A pesar de ello, el profesorado reconoce el alto valor de los PA y demanda mayor formación. Asimismo, señala la necesidad de dotar a los centros de recursos didácticos y materiales específicos. Se concluye que es imprescindible una intervención estructural que integre la formación en PA en el desarrollo profesional docente para garantizar una respuesta educativa eficaz ante situaciones de emergencia.
Educación Sanitaria; Competencia Profesional; Desarrollo Curricular; Responsabilidad Docente
EFFECTS OF HIGH-INTENSITY INTERVAL AND MODERATE-INTENSITY CONTINUOUS JUMP ROPE TRAINING ON EXECUTIVE FUNCTION ENHANCEMENT IN HIGH SCHOOL PHYSICAL EDUCATION: A TEACHING EXPERIMENT-BASED STUDY
Objective：This study aimed to examine the effects of high-intensity interval jump rope training (HIIT-JR) and moderate-intensity continuous jump rope training (MICT-JR) on executive function in high school students. Specifically, it compared the differential impacts of the two training modalities to inform evidence-based practices in secondary school physical education. Methods：A randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 120 high school students aged 16–18 years, who were randomly assigned to one of three groups: HIIT-JR, MICT-JR, or a free activity control group (FT). The intervention lasted 12 weeks, with training sessions conducted three times per week, each lasting 17 minutes. Executive function was assessed at baseline (Week 1), mid-intervention (Week 6), and post-intervention (Week 12) using three cognitive tasks: the Stroop task (inhibitory control), the N-back task (working memory), and the More-Odd Shifting task (cognitive flexibility). A two-way repeated measures ANOVA was employed to examine interaction effects between group and time. Results: Both HIIT-JR and MICT-JR significantly improved executive function compared to the control group (p < 0.01), although the trajectories of improvement varied by training type. The HIIT-JR group exhibited significant enhancements in inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility as early as Week 6 (p < 0.01), while the MICT-JR group showed pronounced gains in working memory by Week 12 (p < 0.05). Across all executive function domains, both intervention groups demonstrated faster reaction times and higher accuracy relative to the FT group. Conclusion: Jump rope training, whether high-intensity interval or moderate-intensity continuous, is effective in enhancing executive function in adolescents. HIIT-JR is particularly beneficial for achieving rapid, short-term improvements in inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility, whereas MICT-JR supports more stable, long-term gains in working memory. These findings provide actionable insights for incorporating targeted jump rope protocols into school-based physical education curricula.
Executive Function, Jump Rope Training, Inhibitory Control, Working Memory, Cognitive Flexibility, Physical Education
EFFECT OF RESISTANCE TRAINING ON LACTATE THRESHOLD IN DISTANCE RUNNERS
Background: Lactate Threshold (LT) is characterized by the onset of a rapid increase in blood lactate levels as exercise intensity surpasses the body's clearance capacity. Traditional training for distance runners primarily emphasizes aerobic conditioning designed to enhance cardiovascular efficiency. Purpose: The study aims to evaluate the direct effects of incorporating resistance training on LT, heart rate, pace, and 5K race outcomes in competitive runners. Furthermore, the study explores gender-specific adaptations, filling a gap in the existing literature that has largely overlooked female-specific responses to strength-endurance training models. Methods: This study involved 100 subjects (57 male and 43 female), randomized into experimental (age 24.72±3.26) and control group (age 24.56±3.07). This experimental study was structured as a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with a parallel group design and a 12-month follow-up period. Outcome Measures such as Lactate Threshold, mean Heart Rate, Pace and time taken to Complete 5000m compared at the interval of 0, 6 and 12 months. Results: Experimental group exhibited a sustained and significant increase in LT (mean increase of ~28.2 mg/dl from baseline, p < 0.01). Running pace improved from 3.65 m/s to 3.94 m/s for experimental group. Female participants in the experimental group showed proportionally higher gains in LT (mean +29.7 mg/dl) and 5000m time improvement (mean −92 seconds), suggesting that resistance training confer relatively greater benefits to female endurance athletes. Conclusion: Raising LT helps athletes endure higher intensity efforts over longer periods before fatigue occurs.
Lactate Threshold, Distance Running, Resistance Exercise
ABNORMAL ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS IN PROFESSIONAL SOCCER PLAYERS
Cardiac adaptations to training are influenced by the type of exercise performed. In some instances, these adaptations can lead to changes that might result in sudden death, detectable through electrocardiographic manifestations. This is why the ECG has been suggested as a screening tool in pre-participation evaluations. The objective of this study is to describe such findings in a group of professional soccer players training at an altitude of 2600 meters above sea level between 2017 and 2022. A total of 111 soccer players participated, including 81 men and 30 women, with an average age of 26 and 24 years respectively, none of whom exhibited cardiovascular symptoms. The average heart rate was 59 bpm in men and 62 bpm in women. Fourteen participants showed electrocardiographic changes, including early repolarization disorder, incomplete right bundle branch block, T wave inversion, and sinus bradycardia. Only one player met echocardiographic criteria for concentric hypertrophy.
Professional Soccer Players, Electrocardiogram, Echocardiogram, High Performance
THE INFLUENCE OF CHEST AND BACK MUSCLE STRENGTH ON STRAIGHT PUNCHING PERFORMANCE IN ELITE AMATEUR BOXERS
Introduction: Boxing performance is influenced by upper body strength, but the specific role of chest and back muscle strength in determining punching force remains unclear. This study examines the relationship between chest and back muscle strength and straight punching performance in elite amateur boxers. Methods: A cross-sectional design was employed, involving twenty Thai national amateur boxers who had participated in international competitions. Chest and back muscle strength were measured using the 1RM bench press and bench pull tests, with adjustments made for body weight. Punch force and related parameters for both jab and straight punches were assessed using force plates and motion capture equipment. Pearson's correlation coefficients were utilised to identify significant relationships between variables, with statistical significance set at p<0.05. Results: Chest muscle strength did not show significant correlations with jab frequency, velocity, or straight punch performance. However, both cumulative jab force (r=0.616, p=0.004) and jab punch force (r=0.761, p<0.001) were significantly correlated with chest muscle strength. No significant correlations were found between any of the punching performance metrics and back muscle strength. While no relationship was observed between the chest-to-back strength ratio and straight punch performance, notable positive correlations were identified with jab punch force and cumulative jab force. Discussion: The findings suggest that while straight punches rely on biomechanical factors such as trunk rotation and the transfer of force from the lower body, jab performance is influenced by chest muscle strength. Research indicates that a balanced chest-to-back strength ratio contributes to enhanced jab punch power. Trainers should ensure the proper balance of antagonist muscles and focus on developing chest strength for boxers who utilise jab techniques. Future biomechanical studies should explore the impact of neuromuscular coordination and lower limb involvement on straight punching mechanics.
Amateur Boxing, Chest Muscle, Back Muscle, Muscle Imbalance, Punching Performance
COMPARACIÓN DEL NIVEL DE ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA DE NIÑOS Y ADOLESCENTES DE ACUERDO CON EL ESTADIO DE MADURACIÓN SEXUAL
Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar el nivel de actividad física (NAF) de ni-ños y adolescentes según el estadio de maduración sexual (EMS), mediante instrumentos subjetivos y objetivos. Participaron 428 escolares (8–17 años) del Proyecto Mixto-Longitudinal de Ilhabela. El EMS se evaluó por autoevaluación y el NAF mediante cuestio-narios (IPAQ, YRBS) y acelerometría. Se clasificó la actividad física en moderada (AFM), vigorosa (AFV) y moderada a vigorosa (AFMV), comparando con la recomendación de 300 min/semana. Se aplicaron pruebas no paramétricas y análisis descriptivo. Los resultados mostraron mayor NAF en varones, predominio de AFM en las fases pre y pospuberal, y me-nor cumplimiento de la recomendación en niñas, especialmente en la pubertad. Conclusión: la actividad física varía según el sexo y la maduración biológica, siendo la pubertad un punto crítico de descenso en niñas. Los hallazgos refuerzan la necesidad de estrategias equitativas y adaptadas al desarrollo para fomentar estilos de vida activos.
Actividad Motora, Maduración Sexual, Acelerometría, Comportamiento Del Adolescente, Aptitud Física
RESEARCH ON SPORTS ECOTOURISM DEMAND PREDICTION BASED ON IMPROVED FOA ALGORITHM
As the national consumption level rises, the significance of the tourism sector within the national economy becomes more pronounced. Consequently, the share of tourism earnings in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) continues to escalate. On the basis of the growth of people's economic level, the number of tourists in each scenic spot also increases, and tourist attractions and tourist cities also respond to the need to improve their own management quality and content to seek further development. The occurrence of tourism behavior also changes with the changes of weather, holidays, seasons and special circumstances. How to accurately predict the number of tourists is of great significance for both industry regulators and operators. Many scholars have also tried to use different models to predict tourism demand. AI methods have great advantages over traditional methods in adaptive learning ability and non-linear fitting ability, and have become a key research direction in academic circles in recent years. In this paper, we first improve the standard Drosophila algorithm by adaptively adjusting the fly population number and search step size, while optimizing the initial iteration position and improving the local search ability and search efficiency. Then the improved FOA algorithm is combined with the echo state network to build a two-stage combined prediction model named AFOA-ESN, obtain its key parameters through AFOA optimization ESN, and input the optimized parameters into ESN to form the final combined prediction model. Finally, the monthly data of a local sports ecological passengers was selected to test the prediction effect of AFOA-ESN. The results obtained after the trial show that the use of the AFOA-ESN model is more accurate than the accuracy of the results used by the autoregressive moving mean model, support vector machine model, BP neural network, standard ESN network, and other prediction models, while the convergence speed and prediction accuracy of AFOA-ESN outperformed standard ESN and FOA-ESN, demonstrating the effectiveness of model improvement.
Sports; Eco-Tourism; Improved FOA Algorithm
USING COMPUTER IMAGE TECHNOLOGY TO MONITOR THE INTENSITY AND EFFECT OF EXERCISE IN REHABILITATION TRAINING
This paper uses rehabilitation training monitoring technology based on computer image technology to monitor the exercise intensity and effect of patients in rehabilitation training in real-time. The dynamic video of the patient is captured by a high-definition camera, and the Open Pose algorithm is used to detect the key points of human movement to obtain movement data such as joint displacement and speed. The random forest model uses an integrated learning method to complete the classification of exercise intensity by constructing multiple decision trees. At the same time, ResNet (Residual Network) is applied to extract the spatiotemporal features of the movement pattern using multi-layer convolution operations, and classify and evaluate the exercise effect. Finally, the system feeds back the monitoring results to the rehabilitation trainer through a visual interface, uses metabolic equivalent of task (MET) and heart rate changes as the core indicators for exercise intensity evaluation, and comprehensively evaluates the recovery situation based on the range of joint movement, gait stability and cycle training results. The experimental results show that after 7 cycles of rehabilitation training, the patient’s recovery rate increases to 93.2%.
Computer Vision Technology, Rehabilitation Training, Exercise Intensity, Exercise Effect, Deep Learning
DEVELOPING A PREDICTIVE MODEL FOR TALENT IDENTIFICATION IN YOUTH SWIMMING
A predictive model is developed for talent identification in youth swimming with the intention of improving the identification of youth swimmers with the ability to perform in elite competition. This study brings together many physiology and psychological attributes (age, height, weight, VO2 max, motivation, resilience) and performance data (lap times, stroke efficiency) to create an integrated dataset. Analysis of these variables using machine learning algorithms such as regression analysis and decision trees, and determining pattern that associate with future success. Cross validation techniques are used to validate the model accuracy and generalizability on different age groups of trainings levels at which the model can be utilized. This research has some real value for coaches and sports organizations when they try to prioritize and nurture young talent in predatory swimming is to improve outcomes. With data driven insights, this predictive model is able to disrupt how athletes are selected in talent identification using a more systematic and efficient approach to athlete development. Thus, whilst there are many benefits with respect to efficiency, objectivity and resource allocation of a predictive model for talent identification in youth swimming, it is not without its challenges. To use the model to help, not hinder, development, ethical considerations, the corresponding balance between data driven decisions and human judgment, as well as the mental and emotional well-being of young athletes must be carefully managed.
Predictive Model (PM), Talent Identification (TI), Youth Swimming (YS)
THE IMPACT OF FOLK MUSIC RHYTHMS ON THE QUALITY OF DANCE FITNESS MOVEMENTS
This study explores the impact of folk music rhythms on dance fitness movement quality through rhythm enhancement training. A 12-week experimental program was conducted with participants divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received rhythm-focused training integrated with Tibetan Xianzi Dance and Dai Peacock Dance, while the control group followed a traditional dance curriculum. Results revealed significant improvements in the experimental group across six core indicators: fluency, coordination, expressiveness, rhythm synchronization, amplitude, and stability. The most notable advancements were observed in rhythm synchronization and expressiveness, confirming the pivotal role of rhythm in enhancing movement quality. These findings demonstrate the potential of rhythm training to enrich technical and artistic dimensions of dance, providing new approaches to modern fitness education. Moreover, the integration of folk music rhythms into fitness instruction promotes cultural preservation and innovation. Future research is recommended to broaden the diversity of participants, explore various rhythmic styles, and examine long-term training effects.
Folk Music Rhythms, Rhythm Enhancement Training, Dance Fitness, Movement Quality, Fitness Education
THE IMPACT OF BIG DATA ON SPORTS TRAINING DECISION-MAKING AND COACHING LEADERSHIP ENHANCEMENT
Big data technology has transformed sports training and coaching by enabling data-driven decision-making and performance optimization. This study examines its impact on training decisions and coaching leadership using university basketball as a case study. The findings show that big data enhances training efficiency through individualized plans, real-time monitoring, and tactical adjustments, leading to measurable improvements in player and team performance. Big data also strengthens coaching leadership by providing objective insights, improving communication through visual tools, and enabling self-assessment of strategies. Tactical optimizations, such as improved defensive coverage and balanced shooting distribution, highlight the value of data-driven approaches in addressing weaknesses and enhancing game strategies. While challenges like data standardization and privacy concerns remain, big data's integration into sports continues to unlock new opportunities for optimizing performance and advancing team success.
Big Data; Sports Training; Decision-Making; Coaching Leadership
THE INFLUENCE OF ALTITUDE TRAINING ON ENDURANCE PERFORMANCE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
In this systematic review, we review the evidence for the effects of altitude training on endurance performance, the physiological mechanisms behind its effects, successful and unsuccessful methods of altitude training, and important factors associated with its effectiveness. The purpose of altitude training is to build fitness based on the premise that altitude training will increase aerobic capacity through adaptation, such as increased red blood cell production and improved mitochondrial efficiency. The review summarizes disparate findings from different sports and training regimens, yet, provides both positive and liability of the benefits of such approaches. Altitude training outcomes are influenced critically by the factors of altitude level, training duration, intensity and individual acclimatization. A promising approach discussed is 'live high train low' where athletes have the advantage of hypoxia benefits while continuing high intensity training at lower altitudes. Even with all that evidence of altitude training, the review recommends more work be done to find optimal protocols and produce more consistent, long-term results about how altitude training affects endurance performance. Additionally, a number of studies point to a positive benefit of training at high altitude but living at low altitude (called 'live high, train low') in which athletes can optimize their altitude adaptive advantages while continuing intense training at sea level. Finally, the review calls for more research on optimal protocols of altitude training and its long-term effect on endurance performance, since the evidence is contradictory on different sports and training regimens.
Altitude Training (AT), Endurance Performance (EP), Physiological Mechanisms (PM)
THE APPLICATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL E-COMMERCE IN SPORTS CONSUMPTION
Social e-commerce, with its interactive, community-based, and content-driven features, has profoundly transformed the dynamics of sports consumption. This study, focusing on university students and urban residents, adopts the SOR model and the "people-goods-place" framework to analyze the role of social e-commerce in promoting sports consumption. The findings reveal that younger consumers prefer immersive shopping experiences offered by social e-commerce, while older consumers prioritize product value and service reliability. By leveraging precise recommendations and community interaction, social e-commerce has facilitated the growth of niche sports markets and enhanced brand communication. The study recommends optimizing interactive experiences, strengthening regulatory mechanisms, and promoting sustainable consumption to drive the digital transformation and high-quality development of the sports industry.
Social E-Commerce, Sports Consumption, SOR Model, Seople-Goods-Place Framework, Digital Transformation, Consumer Behavior
SPORTS PHYSICAL FITNESS ANALYSIS SYSTEM OF COLLEGE STUDENTS UNDER HEALTH PROMOTION TEACHING MODE BASED ON DATA MINING
There was a clear emphasis on the multifaceted goals of quality education. It was stated that the pursuit of quality education should not only focus on academic achievements and moral development but also encompass the development of students' physical strength and overall well-being. This chapter introduces the physical fitness test data of a university in China and the data collected from "Physical Fitness Health Self-evaluation Table" to discuss the specific situation of college students' physical fitness under the health promotion teaching mode. Upon analyzing the data gathered for this study, both decision tree and association rule algorithms were employed to investigate the specifics of college students' physical fitness under the health promotion teaching model. Following the data analysis, it was observed that alterations in the daily activities of college students are closely linked to changes in their physical fitness, with the majority of these relationships being positive.
Data Mining; Physical fitness; Association Rule Algorithm; Decision Tree Algorithm
LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF CONCUSSIONS ON COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS IN RETIRED FOOTBALL PLAYERS
Medically studying permanent cognitive outcomes from repeat concussions proves necessary because they happen often within football as well as similar athletic sports. This research examines the ongoing effects that head injuries inflict upon retired football players by analyzing the development of CTE and related effects on brain memory and processing ability and mood stability. Scientific findings reveal how brain structure modifications over time lead to early dementia but also trigger neurodegenerative diseases. Football players develop complete brain-related damage based on the cumulative impacts sustained at both intense and gentle levels throughout their sports careers. Research data indicates that we need improved guidelines for concussion management and preventative systems which will extend brain injury support beyond active sporting competitions. Athletic brain health requires complete solutions because findings demonstrate that players' mental competence demands protection after they stop playing sports. Analyses demonstrate that the frequent concussions affecting professional football players conclusively produce extensive negative impacts on brain performance. Multiple head impacts lead to the development of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) according to scientific evidence because this brain condition brings memory degradation alongside impaired judgment ability and executive function reduction. Sports athletes who stopped playing after multiple concussions encounter diminished learning memory capacity together with poor attention span along with reduced cognitive flexibility.
Concussions (CC), Cognitive Functions (CF), Retired Football Plyers (RFP)
RESEARCH ON SPORTS TEACHING AND TRAINING ACTION DETECTION BASED ON DEEP CONVOLUTION NEURAL NETWORK
The aim of this study is to enhance the accuracy and efficacy of error action detection in sports coaching and training by employing a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN)-based approach. This method is designed to minimize the error rate associated with identifying incorrect movements during sports instruction and training sessions. After a thorough review of prior research findings, this study constructs a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) focused on detecting errors in physical education teaching and training actions. The process begins with establishing feature extraction datasets, which are then fed into the network's input layer. The subsequent convolutional layers generate feature maps, and a normalization layer is integrated to refine the processing of physical education teaching and training samples. The error detection capability is achieved through iterative convolutional operations within the network. Experimental validation of this approach reveals an error rate of approximately 0.034%, indicating that the DCNN-based technique for physical education teaching and training action detection is highly precise in identifying training errors among athletes.
Deep Learning; Convolutional Neural Network; Physical Education Teaching and Training; Error Action Detection; Feature Extraction; Batch Normalization
RESEARCH ON INNOVATION OF NEW MEDIA SPORTS HEALTH CULTURE COMMUNICATION PLATFORM BASED ON DEEP LEARNING
With the rapid development of science and technology, especially the breakthroughs of deep learning and artificial intelligence technology, new media has become an important channel for the dissemination of sports and health culture. Traditional sports and health culture communication is faced with challenges such as low efficiency of information transmission, insufficient audience participation and insufficient content individuation. Therefore, the innovation of new media platform based on deep learning is particularly important. With the rapid development of Internet technology and network, the network has become an important platform for people to obtain sports health culture information. The number of texts in the network has shown an explosive growth trend, but it is inevitable that there are problems of good and bad. Deep learning is a new research direction in the field of machine learning. In recent years, it has made a breakthrough in speech recognition, computer vision and other applications. Based on in-depth learning, this paper analyzes the changes of sports health culture communication under the new media environment, mainly through further analysis and sorting out the comparative study of sports health culture communication and traditional sports health culture communication, and takes "Nationwide Fitness Programs" as a main research object to promote the development of contemporary sports health culture communication, so as to discuss the value and current situation of sports health culture communication under the new media environment, The ultimate goal is to make a scientific prediction of the future of sports health culture communication in the new media environment through objective and calm analysis.
Deep Learning; Deep Neural Network; New Media; Sports Health Culture; Communication Status
BIOMECHANICAL ASSESSMENT OF INJURY PREVENTION TECHNIQUES IN GYMNASTICS
The biomechanical assessment of injuries prevention techniques in gymnastics is important to increase athlete safety and performance. High-impact forces which gymnasts are often exposed to can lead to both acute trauma from injuries, as well as chronic overuse conditions of overuse injuries. Using biomechanical principles, such as joint kinematics, force analysis, muscle activation, this study explores how these principles can be used to identify and reduce injury risks in gymnastics. Sports scientists and coaches have advanced technologies, such as motion capture systems, force plates and electromyography (EMG), which can help analyze a person’s movement patterns in order to identify areas of vulnerability. The results emphasize the need to optimally fine land, enhance flexibility, build muscles and use appropriate protective gear to avoid injuries. The integration of biomechanical assessments into training programs is one of the best methods used for reducing injury rates to gymnasts, improving performance, and creating a safer environment for competitive gymnasts. In terms of value at enhancing the efficacy of injury prevention strategies and also promoting long term athletic health, this approach speaks to the importance of biomechanics. Beyond that, biomechanical data can help in the design of protective equipment, such as padded mats, or orthotic devices that aid to stabilize joints to lower the risk of overuse injuries. Reductions in injury rates in gymnastics can occur through the constant fusion of biomechanical assessment to training programs in order to create safer practice and competition environments.
Biomechanical Assessment (BMA), Injury Prevention Techniques (IPT), Gymnastics (GG)
RESEARCH ON EMOTION RECOGNITION OF STUDENTS IN COLLEGE PHYSICAL EDUCATION ONLINE TEACHING BASED ON NEURAL NETWORK
With the rapid development of information technology and the widespread adoption of home broadband and high-speed mobile networks, online education has become essential, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the neglect of physical education online has led to a decline in students' physical fitness. While familiarity with online learning has increased, there are higher expectations for teachers to engage with students' learning states and adjust their methods accordingly. Current online systems often focus on knowledge interaction, overlooking emotional engagement, which results in a significant "emotional lack." This paper proposes an online teaching model with emotional feedback using expression recognition technology, allowing teachers to monitor students' emotional states and adapt their teaching strategies. By implementing a convolutional neural network-based emotion recognition module, we can accurately classify students' learning emotions. The effectiveness of this module was tested through a nationwide online teaching experiment, showing high accuracy and practical value in addressing the issue of emotional disconnect in online education.
Online Physical Education; Convolutional Neural Network