EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF GLUTAMINE METABOLISM-BASED IMMUNOTHERAPY ON PANCREATIC CANCER: IMPLICATIONS FOR ATHLETE HEALTH AND PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE

Abstract

Purpose: This study explores the role of glutamine (Gln) metabolism in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) with an innovative quantification system designed to assess its impact on prognosis and the efficacy of immunotherapy. The research specifically aims to understand how Gln metabolism affects the tumor microenvironment (TME) and immune responses, which are crucial for developing targeted therapies that might also support the unique health needs of athletes diagnosed with this challenging disease. Methods: We analyzed Gln metabolism in 251 PAAD patients, focusing on 42 Gln metabolism-related genes (GMRGs). Molecular subtypes and prognostic models were established through unsupervised cluster analysis and LASSO regression analysis. We also assessed immune cell infiltration and immunotherapy responses to predict outcomes and tailor therapeutic strategies. Results: Three distinct Gln metabolism subtypes in PAAD were identified, each showing unique TME features and clinicopathological characteristics. A prognostic risk model based on three GMRGs significantly correlated with immune cell levels, immune checkpoint gene expression, and overall immune response. Notably, the risk-associated gene SPRR1B was found overexpressed in tumor tissues, corroborated by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. These findings highlight a profound connection between Gln metabolism and the immune landscape in PAAD, suggesting potential therapeutic targets. Conclusion: Gln metabolism plays a pivotal role in shaping the immune microenvironment in PAAD, influencing both the disease trajectory and the efficacy of immunotherapies. For athletes, understanding these dynamics is crucial, as maintaining optimal immune function is essential for both cancer recovery and physical performance. This study not only sheds light on Gln metabolism-related genes as biomarkers for improving PAAD prognosis but also supports the development of personalized medicine approaches that consider the athlete’s health and fitness. Future research should expand on these findings to explore Gln metabolism interventions that could enhance both treatment outcomes and the overall well-being of athletes undergoing cancer treatment.