EFFECT OF DIFFERENT MECHANICAL VENTILATION METHODS ON NEONATAL BRONCHOPULMONARY DYSPLASIA AND OTHER COMPLICATIONS

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate different mechanical ventilation methods-non-invasive ventilation and invasive ventilation-in very/ultra-premature infants’ effects in therapy, in particular their influence on the incidence of complications and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 200 premature infants treated in the neonatal intensive care unit of our hospital between January 2023 and December 2023. According to the different ventilation methods, the children were divided into non-invasive ventilation group and invasive ventilation group, the incidence of complications and extubation, weaning between the two groups were collected and analyzed. Results: Compared with invasive ventilation, non-invasive ventilation group showed advantages in reducing complications such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, ventilator-associated pneumonia, airway injury, and intracranial hemorrhage. The total incidence of complications in the noninvasive ventilation group was significantly lower than that in the invasive ventilation group (P<0.05), and the time of extubation and weaning was shorter (P<0.05). However, a certain proportion of children with non-invasive ventilation eventually need to switch to invasive ventilator ventilation, even in high-frequency oscillation mode. Conclusion: The application of non-invasive ventilation in very/super premature infants can reduce some important complications and shorten the time of extubation and weaning, but the individual differences of premature infants should be considered in the choice of ventilation mode. Future studies need to pay more attention to the long-term health effects of non-invasive ventilation on preterm infants, and explore new ventilation strategies and technological innovations to further optimize respiratory therapy in preterm infants.