EFFECTIVENESS OF ENDOSCOPIC SINUS SURGERY IN CHRONIC SINUSITIS AND NASAL POLYPS: IMPLICATIONS FOR MUCOSAL HEALING, RESPIRATORY FUNCTION, AND PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE

Abstract

Objective: This study evaluates the effectiveness of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and its impact on mucosal healing, olfactory function, and postoperative recovery, with implications for respiratory efficiency and physical performance in active individuals. Methods: A total of 94 patients diagnosed with CRSwNP between May 2021 and September 2023 were enrolled and randomly assigned to either a control group (n = 47), receiving traditional surgery combined with drug therapy, or an observation group (n = 47), receiving ESS combined with drug therapy. Clinical outcomes were assessed 12 weeks post-treatment, comparing inflammatory markers (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α), olfactory function, mucosal healing, and complication rates between the two groups. Additionally, saccharin transit time was evaluated as an indicator of mucosal function recovery. Results: Both groups exhibited reduced inflammatory markers, improved olfactory function, and shorter saccharin transit time post-intervention. However, the observation group (ESS-treated) demonstrated significantly lower levels of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α, as well as enhanced olfactory threshold and faster saccharin test times compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Postoperative mucosal healing was superior in the ESS group, with lower mucosal inflammation scores and reduced postoperative complications (P < 0.05) relative to the traditional surgery group. Conclusion: Endoscopic sinus surgery offers significant advantages in the treatment of CRSwNP, effectively reducing inflammation, improving olfactory function, and enhancing mucosal healing while lowering postoperative complications. Given the importance of optimal respiratory function in sports performance and physical activity, ESS may play a crucial role in improving nasal airflow, respiratory efficiency, and overall functional recovery in athletes and active individuals affected by chronic sinus conditions. These findings highlight the potential integration of ESS into sports medicine and rehabilitation programs to enhance breathing capacity, endurance, and post-surgical recovery in physically active populations.