Evaluation of the Long-Term Prognostic Effects of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Athletic Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to assess the long-term outcomes and prognostic effects of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) specifically in athletic patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease (CHD). Given the unique physiological demands and lifestyle of athletic individuals, understanding the impact of PCI on this subgroup is critical for tailored management strategies. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of athletic patients who underwent PCI for CHD at our institution from January 2015 to December 2020. A total of 150 athletic patients were included, with follow-up data extending up to 5 years’ post-intervention. Outcomes assessed included major adverse cardiac events (MACE), such as myocardial infarction, revascularization, stroke, and mortality, as well as functional status improvements and return to athletic activities. Results: The average follow-up period was 4.2 years. Post-PCI, a significant reduction in MACE was observed in the athletic cohort (P<0.05), with low rates of myocardial infarction (2.7%), revascularization (4.0%), and no reported stroke or mortality related to CHD. Functional status, measured by exercise capacity and myocardial ischemia reduction, showed significant improvement (P<0.01), enabling 85% of athletes to return to their previous levels of athletic activity without symptoms. Additionally, quality of life assessments indicated substantial enhancements in physical and mental health domains (P<0.01). Conclusion: Percutaneous coronary intervention has been demonstrated to offer significant long-term benefits for athletic patients with coronary heart disease, not only in reducing the risk of adverse cardiac events but also in facilitating a return to athletic activities and improving overall quality of life. These findings underscore the importance of PCI as a viable treatment modality for CHD in athletes, supporting its role in enabling these individuals to maintain their active lifestyles while managing their cardiac health effectively.