META-ANALYSIS OF DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS RISK FACTORS FOLLOWING LOWER LIMB FRACTURE SURGERY: IMPLICATIONS FOR RECOVERY IN ATHLETIC POPULATION

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to analyze the risk factors associated with the development of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) following lower limb fracture surgery, a condition that can significantly impact the recovery and physical capabilities of patients, including athletes. Methods: A comprehensive search of databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and PMC was conducted up to March 2023 to identify studies on the risk factors for DVT post-lower limb fracture surgery. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the studies. Meta-analysis was performed using Rev Man 5.4 software. Results: Twelve articles were included, comparing 1240 patients with DVT to 3454 without. Meta-analysis indicated that gender was not a significant risk factor for DVT (95%CI (-4.62, 3.99), P=0.89). However, age (95%CI (9.86, 25.85), I^2=100%, P<0.0001), BMI (95%CI (1.02, 27.39), I^2=100%, P=0.03), D-dimer levels (95%CI (0.50, 2.10), I^2=67%, P=0.002), duration of surgery (95%CI (8.98, 28.36), I^2=100%, P=0.0002), and time from fracture to operation (95%CI (12.58, 34.27), I^2=100%, P<0.0001) were significant risk factors for DVT development. Conclusion: The findings identify key risk factors for DVT following lower limb fracture surgery, including age, BMI, D-dimer levels, duration of surgery, and delay before surgery. These factors are crucial for healthcare providers to consider, particularly in managing athletes’ recovery, to implement timely and effective preventive measures and optimize rehabilitation strategies. Understanding and mitigating these risks are essential for ensuring athletes can return to peak physical activity safely and effectively.