COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF LAPAROSCOPIC VERSUS SMALL-INCISION CHOLECYSTECTOMY ON POSTOPERATIVE RECOVERY AND ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE IN PATIENTS WITH GALLBLADDER STONES

Abstract

Background: Gallbladder stones are a prevalent issue, with increasing incidence. This study evaluates the effectiveness and recovery outcomes of laparoscopic cholecystectomy versus small-incision laparotomy in patients with gallbladder stones, with a focus on implications for athletes. Objectives: To compare the therapeutic outcomes and postoperative recovery between laparoscopic cholecystectomy and small-incision laparotomy, assessing their impact on return to physical activity and overall quality of life in athletes. Methods: Sixty patients with gallbladder stones were randomly assigned to two groups: those undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (study group) and those undergoing open surgery (control group). We compared intraoperative metrics, postoperative recovery times, complication rates, and postoperative quality of life using the QOL-C30 scale. Results: Both groups were comparable in baseline characteristics. The study group exhibited significantly less intraoperative blood loss, lower complication rates, and shorter operation time, as well as faster times to postoperative ambulation, anal exhaust, and bowel sound recovery (all p < 0.05). Additionally, the study group scored higher in psychological, social, and physiological functions on the QOL-C30 scale post-treatment (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy offers substantial benefits over small-incision laparotomy, including reduced intraoperative risks, quicker recovery times, and enhanced postoperative quality of life. These advantages are particularly relevant for athletes, where minimized recovery time and enhanced physiological function are crucial for a swift return to training and competition.