The research aims to identify the effect of some modern training methods on the temporal and technical performance in the 100-meter freestyle swimming race through the following methods: (interval training, training on swimming techniques including breathing and streamline improvement exercises, maximum speed training, and resistance training involving strength exercises). The researcher used the experimental method due to its suitability for the nature of the research, and adopted a quasi-experimental design with pre- and post-measurements for four experimental groups. The researcher selected a random sample of (40) students from the University of Kirkuk for the academic year 2024–2025. One of the most important conclusions was the presence of statistically significant differences at the level of (0.05) between the means of the pre- and post-tests for the experimental groups using (interval training, training on swimming techniques including breathing and streamline improvement exercises, maximum speed training, and resistance training involving strength exercises) in favor of the post-test mean in both the technical and temporal levels in the 100-meter freestyle swimming race. Interval training significantly outperformed (training on swimming techniques, maximum speed training, and resistance training) in the numerical level of the 100-meter freestyle swimming. Among the most important recommendations was relying on interval training within short-distance swimming programs due to its positive effect on developing anaerobic endurance and improving temporal performance during race phases. It also recommended the use of maximum speed training to enhance swimmers’ starts and increase the ability to finish the race at the highest possible speed, especially in the last 25 meters.