Managing athlete health archives data from the perspective of public health is essential for disease surveillance, outbreak response, evidence-based interventions, policy development, and collaborative efforts. By leveraging this data effectively, public health organizations can enhance their ability to monitor and protect the health of athletes, as well as the broader population. It is particularly important to monitor and share exercise status and human health data to prevent sports injuries caused by improper exercise during exercise. Therefore, this article proposes a storage and sharing model for athletes' health Archive data based on blockchain distributed decision-making to achieve safe storage and sharing of athletes' health data. First, the design goals and requirements of the distributed decision-making authentication system are clarified. Build DID data structure and athlete health Archive data management based on blockchain and DID technical standards. Utilize the characteristics of blockchain data such as traceability, non-tamperability, openness and transparency to solve the problem of mutual trust in athlete identity authentication systems. The overall architecture of the blockchain-based distributed athlete health Archive authentication system and the design of each functional module of the identity authentication system were also designed, including identity registration, verification, authorization, etc. The unique identity identifier is used as the athlete's identity, the public and private keys are used for signature and verification, and the Merkel tree is used to record and verify the athlete's data records. Based on the blockchain platform, the smart contract security execution process is used to store athlete identity information on the blockchain, ensuring that access records are traceable and tamper-proof.