Purpose: To study the association between various tissue types, benign and malignant proportion and preoperative serum alpha-fetal protein (AFP) value and benign and malignant testicular tumors, to provide help for clinical diagnosis and treatment in young male players. Methods: The clinical data of 122 pediatric testicular tumors of young players admitted to our hospital from October 2013 to December 2021 were collected for retrospective chart review. According to the pathological test results, the tissue type, age, benign and malignant proportion and preoperative AFP level and benign and malignant associations between testicular tumors were analyzed. Results: A total of 122 pediatric testicular tumors of young players aged 0.01 to 14 years old, 114 young players (93.4%) were primary testicular tumors, 8 young players were secondary malignant tumors (6.6%), and 7 of them were leukemic cell infiltration. Of the 114 primary testicular tumors, 84 were benign (73.7%), 43 left, 41 right, 0.01-12 median 3.29,60 teratas, 71.4% of primary benign tumors, 30 malignant (26.3%), 16 left, 14 right 0.44-4.33, median 2.81, including 26 yolk sac tumors (86.7% of primary testicular malignancy), 2 mixed cell tumors and two rhabdomyosarcoma tumors.In the primary testicular tumors, 100 young players cases were derived from germ cell tumors (87.7%).His children had preoperative serum AFP levels, including 19 children <6 months of age, including 11 mature teratoma, 4 immature teratoma, and 4 yolk sac tumors, with an AFP range of 5.4-14424.12ng/ml, 46.1-713.26ng/ml, 2620.34-17597.67ng/ml.A total of 81 children over 6 months of age, including 43 mature teratoma (AFP range 0-92.18ng/ml), 2 immature teratoma (AFP 0.78-36.4ng/ml), 22 yolk sac tumors (AFP367.7-26630.3ng/ml), 12 dermoid cysts (AFP 0-4.6ng/ml), and 2 mixed germ cell tumors (AFP =5462.38ng/ml, 16018.65ng/ml, respectively).Conclusion: Most pediatric testicular tumors are primary tumors derived from germ cells; most pediatric testicular tumors are benign, among which teratoma account for the largest proportion, and most malignant primary testicular tumors are yolk sac tumors; for children older than 6 months of age, the significantly increased preoperative serum AFP value indicates the possibility of yolk cyst tumors, and AFP can be used as an important basis to judge the benign and malignant testicular tumors.