The objective of the study is to analyze the dermatoglyphic profile and its relationship with the predominant physical qualities in university athletes in track and field modalities. A non-experimental design of transverse and exploratory type is presented in a sample of 87 (81%) student-athletes who are part of the representative team of athletics of a public university in Mexico, with an average age of 20.05 ± 2.2 years, 44 (50.6%) men and 43 (49.4%) women. For the measurement and analysis of innate physical potentialities, the technique of fingerprint dermatoglyphics was used. The results show that the most relevant digital formulas are, L>W and W>L with a D10 index (13.3). 83% of the athletes are in the right discipline according to the type of fingerprint, number of designs and lines. The study, provides a reference for future studies or for the detection and selection of talent for athletics.