Objective: This study aims to explore the correlation between interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and the condition of patients with psittacosis pneumonia, and extend these insights to the context of respiratory health in athletes. Methods: In a retrospective analysis, we included 14 patients diagnosed with psittacosis pneumonia (parrot fever) treated in our hospital from April 2018 to September 2021 as the study group (SG). As a control group (CG), we selected 20 patients with common pneumonia treated during the same period. We compared IL-6 levels between these groups and recorded changes in IL-6 levels in the SG before and after treatment. Additionally, we analyzed the correlation of IL-6 levels with procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Results: The IL-2 levels in the SG were significantly lower than those in the CG, while IL-6 levels were significantly higher. No significant difference was observed in IL-10 and IL-6 levels between the groups (P>0.05).The average IL-6 level in the SG was 80.78±46.20 ng/L before treatment and 7.86±6.73 ng/L after treatment, showing a significant reduction (P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between IL-6 levels and PCT levels in the SG (r=0.2659, P<0.05), but the correlation with CRP levels was not significant (r=0.0033, P=0.8465). The Area Under Curve (AUC) of IL-6 for diagnosing psittacosis pneumonia was 0.7929 (P=0.0041). Conclusion: Patients with psittacosis pneumonia exhibit distinct interleukin level changes, particularly in IL-2 and IL-6, compared to those with ordinary pneumonia. The correlation of IL-6 with PCT levels suggests its potential as a marker in assessing respiratory health conditions, which could be relevant for monitoring respiratory health in athletes, given the heightened susceptibility to respiratory issues in this group.